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Critical Coastal Areas Program
Los Angeles Basin Contaminated Sediments Task Force
Water Quality Program Home Page
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Four workshops held
on the California Coast in April, 2008
What is Low Impact Development?
As our communities develop, the amount of impervious surfaces –roads, parking lots, sidewalks, and rooftops –increases, and a greater percentage of rainfall flows off the landscape as stormwater runoff, rather than seeping into the ground. Stormwater runoff picks up pollutants–including car oil, lawn fertilizers, pesticides, pet waste, and trash–and carries these pollutants to our waterways and ocean. The increased volume and velocity of runoff flowing off of impervious surfaces can also erode our creeks and rivers.
LID is gaining popularity as a better approach to stormwater management that seeks to control stormwater at the source, using small-scale integrated site design and management practices to mimic the site’s natural hydrology. LID techniques include using permeable pavements, rain gardens, rain barrels, grassy swales, soil amendments, and native plants. Preserving natural vegetation and natural drainage patterns are also important LID tools. LID techniques can help development meet water resource protection goals and requirements, while providing benefits to developers, property owners, and communities.
What are Permeable Pavements?
Permeable pavements allow stormwater to drain through the pavement into the ground below, where soil and microbes filter out and break down many pollutants. Parking lots, driveways, sidewalks, and patios can all be constructed using permeable pavement.
A variety of permeable pavement types are available,
including pervious concrete, porous asphalt, permeable interlocking concrete
pavers, and reinforced turf pavements. Pervious concrete and porous asphalt
are constructed without the smaller particles that are mixed into
conventional pavements, thus leaving voids for stormwater to seep through.
Permeable interlocking concrete pavers feature openings between the paving
blocks to allow stormwater to infiltrate. Reinforced turf pavements can be
planted with grass or other plants, and look more like a lawn than a
driveway or parking lot.
What Did the Workshops Focus on?
Workshop participants included building trade professionals (developers, builders, architects, engineers, contractors, and material suppliers); landscape architects; environmental consultants; local government staff; state government planners & regulators; and the public.
Participants learned about the practical application, design, implementation, and maintenance of LID techniques, and their economic and ecological benefits, from industry experts and local practitioners with first-hand experience. Permeable pavement sessions provided technical design information on how to use permeable asphalt, concrete, and pavers, in driveways, parking lots, patios, and sidewalks.
Sponsored by the California Coastal Commission; Center for Water & Land Use at UC Davis Extension; USC Sea Grant; and City of Ventura; with support from UC Cooperative Extension and Sea Grant; Local Government Commission; and County of Ventura.
1. Welcome - (no slideshow)
- Brian Brennan, City of Ventura2. Resource-Based Land Use Planning - download slideshow
The big picture: Linking land use to water quality, and how LID can help improve the health of our watersheds.
- Jack Gregg, California Coastal Commission, Water Quality Unit3. Low Impact Development – the How's and the Why's - download slideshow
Implementation of soil-based LID systems in stormwater management, and effect on flooding, in-stream erosion, maintaining the water balance, and pollutant removal.
- Timothy Lawrence, Center for Water and Land Use, UC Davis Extension4. LID Retrofit of Existing Infrastructure - download slideshow
Taking a watershed approach to LID retrofit, using the San Jon Barranca as a model.
- Paul Jenkin, Surfrider Foundation5. A Perspective on Regulatory Approaches to LID in Southern California - download slideshow
History, evolution, and future directions for LID in the Southern California region.
- Xavier Swamikannu, Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board6. Sustainable Urbanism – Watershed-based Planning Strategies for Ventura County - download slideshow
Combining green infrastructure and community design to protect water resources.
- Clark Anderson, Local Government Commission7. LID on UCSB Campus: Manzanita Village Project - download slideshow
A University housing project integrating traditional landscaping and restoration with practical LID features; addresses the benefits of using native species in LID projects.
- Lisa Stratton, Cheadle Center for Biodiversity and Ecological Restoration at UCSB
Technical information on permeable pavement design, installation, applications, performance, pollutant removal, and maintenance.
8. How To Use Permeable Pavements in All Soil Types - download slideshow
The fundamentals of using permeable pavements to implement LID cost-effectively, with details on performing hydrological design for any type of soil situation – even clay soils.
- Andy Youngs, California Nevada Cement Association9. Porous Asphalt Pavements - download slideshow
- Brandon Milar, California Asphalt Pavement Association10. Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements - download slideshow
- David R. Smith, Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (presented by Andy Youngs, California Nevada Cement Association)11. Pervious Concrete Pavements - download slideshow
- Andy Youngs, California Nevada Cement Association
Sponsored by the California Coastal Commission; USC Sea Grant; and Center for Water & Land Use at UC Davis Extension; with support from the Orange County Stormwater Program and the City of Newport Beach.
1. Welcome - download slideshow
- Robert Stein, City of Newport Beach2. Resource-Based Land Use Planning - download slideshow
The big picture: Linking land use to water quality, and how LID can help improve the health of our watersheds.
- Jack Gregg, California Coastal Commission, Water Quality Unit3. Low Impact Development – the How's and the Why's - download slideshow
Implementation of soil-based LID systems in stormwater management, and effect on flooding, in-stream erosion, maintaining the water balance, and pollutant removal.
- Timothy Lawrence, Center for Water and Land Use, UC Davis Extension4. Low Impact Development without Infiltration - download slideshow
LID measures, and associated design considerations, that can be implemented where site constraints prevent infiltration.
- Daniel Apt, RBF Consulting5. LID Regulations for California Municipal Stormwater Programs - download slideshow
The evolution of land development requirements in CA MS4 Permits and how LID has become a central component in recent and proposed permits.
- Matt Yeager, San Bernardino County Flood Control District6. CPR (Conservation, Permeability, Retention): Gardening for Cleaner Waves and Coasts - download slideshow
Surfrider Foundation's Ocean Friendly Gardens Campaign.
- Douglas Kent, Surfrider Foundation
Permeable Pavements:
Technical information on permeable pavement design, installation, applications, performance, pollutant removal, and maintenance.
7. How to Use Permeable Pavements in All Soil Types - download slideshow
The fundamentals of using permeable pavements to implement LID cost-effectively, with details on performing hydrological design for any type of soil situation – even clay soils.
- Andy Youngs, California Nevada Cement Association8. Porous Asphalt Pavements - download slideshow
- Brandon Milar, California Asphalt Pavement Association9. Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements - download slideshow
- David R. Smith, Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (presented by Andy Youngs)10. Pervious Concrete Pavements - download slideshow
- Andy Youngs, California Nevada Cement Association
Sponsored by the California Coastal Commission; Center for Water & Land Use at UC Davis Extension; USC Sea Grant; and SF Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board; in association with the California Stormwater Quality Association; California Coastal Conservancy; San Francisco Estuary Program; San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission; and Association of Bay Area Governments.
1. Welcome - (no slideshow)
- Alfred Wanger, California Coastal Commission2. Resource-Based Land Use Planning - download slideshow
The big picture: Linking land use to water quality, and how LID can help improve the health of our watersheds.
- Alfred Wanger, California Coastal Commission3. Low Impact Development – the How's and the Why's - download slideshow
Implementation of soil-based LID systems in stormwater management, and effect on flooding, in-stream erosion, maintaining the water balance, and pollutant removal.
- Timothy Lawrence, Center for Water and Land Use, UC Davis Extension4. LID for Stormwater Treatment and Hydromodification Management - download slideshow
Design considerations for use of LID techniques to address stormwater treatment and hydromodification management requirements for development projects.
- Jill Bicknell, EOA, Inc., California Stormwater Quality Association5. Regional Perspective on LID Regulation and Implementation - download slideshow
LID's role in regional water quality protection, water sustainability, and addressing climate change impacts.
- Bruce Wolfe, San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board6. LID and Flood Control - download slideshow
The challenges of regional stormwater management and the role LID can play in meeting those challenges.
- Mitch Avalon, Contra Costa County Flood Control and Water Conservation District
Afternoon Track A – Permeable Pavements plus
Stormwater NPDES Compliance:
Technical information on permeable pavement design, installation,
applications, performance, pollutant removal, and maintenance; plus Stormwater
NPDES compliance.
7. How to Use Permeable Pavements in All Soil Types - download slideshow
The fundamentals of using permeable pavements to implement LID cost-effectively, with details on performing hydrological design for any type of soil situation – even clay soils.
- Andy Youngs, California Nevada Cement Association8. Porous Asphalt Pavements - download slideshow
- Brandon Milar, California Asphalt Pavement Association9. Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements - download slideshow
- David R. Smith, Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (presented by Andy Youngs)10. Pervious Concrete Pavements - download slideshow
- Andy Youngs, California Nevada Cement Association11. Stormwater NPDES Compliance for New Developments Using LID - download slideshow
LID design of commercial developments and residential subdivisions to achieve cost-effective compliance with treatment and hydrograph modification requirements.
- Dan Cloak, Dan Cloak Environmental Consulting
Afternoon Track B – Learn, Plan, and Act on Local LID:
12. Land Use Designation and Planning Approaches - download slideshow
Land use designation and comprehensive planning approaches to nature-friendly development practices
- Kathleen Van Velsor, Association of Bay Area Governments13. Natural Green Solutions Approach - (slideshow not available)
Innovative natural Green Solutions approach to addressing polluted runoff
- Esther Feldman, Community Conservancy International14. Stormwater Funding Strategies, with Panel Discussion
Strategies to overcome Prop. 218 – Fees, taxes, assessments, bond measures, loans, and grants.14a. Stormwater Funding Strategies, - Robert D. Spencer, MuniFinancial - download slideshow-
14b. Grant & Loans for Storm Water Projects, - Susan Gladstone, San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board - download slideshow
14c - Stormwater Funding Strategies - Mitch Avalon, Contra Costa County Flood Control and Water Conservation District - (no slideshow)
Sponsored by the California Coastal Commission; Center for Water & Land Use at UC Davis Extension; USC Sea Grant; and Resource Conservation District of Santa Cruz County; in association with the City of Santa Cruz.
1. Welcome - (no slideshow)
- Ezra Neale, Resource Conservation District of Santa Cruz County2. Resource-Based Land Use Planning - download slideshow
The big picture: Linking land use to water quality, and how LID can help improve the health of our watersheds.
- Alfred Wanger, California Coastal Commission3. Low Impact Development – the How's and the Why's - download slideshow
Implementation of soil-based LID systems in stormwater management, and effect on flooding, in-stream erosion, maintaining the water balance, and pollutant removal.
- Timothy Lawrence, Center for Water and Land Use, UC Davis Extension4. LID Hydrology and Soils Issues - download slideshow
Major design issues associated with LID implementation, with real-world examples.
- Eric Berntsen, State Water Board, Storm Water Section5. Stormwater Management and LID in Santa Cruz County - download slideshow
County of Santa Cruz’s policies and requirements for land development as they relate to LID/BMPs.
- Rachel Fatoohi, Santa Cruz County6. Incorporation of LID into State Water Board Programs - download slideshow
How LID is being incorporated into state resolutions, policies, and state and regional stormwater permits.
- Eric Berntsen, State Water Board, Storm Water Section
Afternoon Track A – Permeable Pavements:
Technical information on permeable pavement design, installation,
applications, performance, pollutant removal, and maintenance.
7. How to Use Permeable Pavements in All Soil Types - download slideshow
The fundamentals of using permeable pavements to implement LID cost-effectively, with details on performing hydrological design for any type of soil situation – even clay soils.
- Andy Youngs, California Nevada Cement Association8. Porous Asphalt Pavements - download slideshow
- Brandon Milar, California Asphalt Pavement Association (presented by Tom Carter, Teichert Aggregates)9. Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements - download slideshow
- David R. Smith, Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (presented by Vanessa Metz, California Coastal Commission)10. Pervious Concrete Pavements - download slideshow
- Andy Youngs, California Nevada Cement Association
Afternoon Track B – Implementing LID Locally:
A first-hand look at Low Impact Development solutions for stormwater
management in the Monterey Bay Area, including project examples, design
criteria, permitting, successes and failures, and lessons learned.
11. LID and Stormwater in Watsonville - download slideshow
Hindsight is 20/20: An honest review of bioretention, detention and other BMPs installed throughout Watsonville.
- Robert Ketley, City of Watsonville12. Rain Water Catchment and Efficient Irrigation - download handout
- Bobby Markowitz, EarthCraft Design13. Rain Gardens and Bioretention - (slideshow not available)
- Sarah Peterson and Joni Janceki, Joni L. Janecki & Associates, Inc.14. Selection, Design and Maintenance of BMPs for LID
Selection of the BMP most appropriate to the site, design process, meeting county design standards, implementation, and maintenance of the selected BMP.14a. LID Projects in Monterey Bay Region -Robyn Cooper, Fall Creek Engineering Inc. - download slideshow
14b. LID in Site Design Process. - Peter Haase, Fall Creek Engineering Inc. - download slideshow
Workshop Handouts:
Rain Harvesting Fact Sheet, by Bobby Markowitz, Earthcraft Landscape Design
Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements – Guide and Research Study, by the Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute
Uni Eco-Stone Guide and Research Summary, by Uni-Group USA
Low Impact Development (LID): a Sensible Approach to Land Development and Stormwater Management
Workshops were sponsored by the California Coastal Commission; Center for Water & Land Use at UC Davis Extension; USC Sea Grant; and local partners.
Funding for this project has been provided in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) pursuant to Assistance Agreement No. C9-98998901 and any amendments thereto which have been awarded to the State Water Board for the implementation of California’s NPS Pollution Control Program. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the USEPA or the State Water Board, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.